}
 
        throw new \Intervention\Image\Exception\MissingDependencyException(
            "Please install package intervention/imagecache before running this function."
        );
    }
 
    /**
     * Creates a driver instance according to config settings
     *
     * @return \Intervention\Image\AbstractDriver
     */
    private function createDriver()
    {
        if (is_string($this->config['driver'])) {
            $drivername = ucfirst($this->config['driver']);
            $driverclass = sprintf('Intervention\\Image\\%s\\Driver', $drivername);
 
            if (class_exists($driverclass)) {
                return new $driverclass;
            }
 
            throw new \Intervention\Image\Exception\NotSupportedException(
                "Driver ({$drivername}) could not be instantiated."
            );
        }
 
        if ($this->config['driver'] instanceof AbstractDriver) {
            return $this->config['driver'];
        }
 
        throw new \Intervention\Image\Exception\NotSupportedException(
            "Unknown driver type."
        );
    }
 
    /**
     * Check if all requirements are available
     *
     * @return void

     *
     * @return self
     */
    public function configure(array $config = [])
    {
        $this->config = array_replace($this->config, $config);
 
        return $this;
    }
 
    /**
     * Initiates an Image instance from different input types
     *
     * @param  mixed $data
     *
     * @return \Intervention\Image\Image
     */
    public function make($data)
    {
        return $this->createDriver()->init($data);
    }
 
    /**
     * Creates an empty image canvas
     *
     * @param  int   $width
     * @param  int   $height
     * @param  mixed $background
     *
     * @return \Intervention\Image\Image
     */
    public function canvas($width, $height, $background = null)
    {
        return $this->createDriver()->newImage($width, $height, $background);
    }
 
    /**
     * Create new cached image and run callback
     * (requires additional package intervention/imagecache)
     *

    }
 
    /**
     * Get the manipulators.
     * @return array Collection of manipulators.
     */
    public function getManipulators()
    {
        return $this->manipulators;
    }
 
    /**
     * Perform image manipulations.
     * @param  string $source Source image binary data.
     * @param  array  $params The manipulation params.
     * @return string Manipulated image binary data.
     */
    public function run($source, array $params)
    {
        $image = $this->imageManager->make($source);
 
        foreach ($this->manipulators as $manipulator) {
            $manipulator->setParams($params);
 
            $image = $manipulator->run($image);
        }
 
        return $image->getEncoded();
    }
}
 

            throw new FilesystemException(
                'Could not read the image `'.$sourcePath.'`.'
            );
        }
 
        // We need to write the image to the local disk before
        // doing any manipulations. This is because EXIF data
        // can only be read from an actual file.
        $tmp = tempnam(sys_get_temp_dir(), 'Glide');
 
        if (file_put_contents($tmp, $source) === false) {
            throw new FilesystemException(
                'Unable to write temp file for `'.$sourcePath.'`.'
            );
        }
 
        try {
            $write = $this->cache->write(
                $cachedPath,
                $this->api->run($tmp, $this->getAllParams($params))
            );
 
            if ($write === false) {
                throw new FilesystemException(
                    'Could not write the image `'.$cachedPath.'`.'
                );
            }
        } catch (FileExistsException $exception) {
            // This edge case occurs when the target already exists
            // because it's currently be written to disk in another
            // request. It's best to just fail silently.
        }
 
        unlink($tmp);
 
        return $cachedPath;
    }
}
 

    {
        return $this->responseFactory;
    }
 
    /**
     * Generate and return image response.
     * @param  string                   $path   Image path.
     * @param  array                    $params Image manipulation params.
     * @return mixed                    Image response.
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function getImageResponse($path, array $params)
    {
        if (is_null($this->responseFactory)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                'Unable to get image response, no response factory defined.'
            );
        }
 
        $path = $this->makeImage($path, $params);
 
        return $this->responseFactory->create($this->cache, $path);
    }
 
    /**
     * Generate and return Base64 encoded image.
     * @param  string              $path   Image path.
     * @param  array               $params Image manipulation params.
     * @return string              Base64 encoded image.
     * @throws FilesystemException
     */
    public function getImageAsBase64($path, array $params)
    {
        $path = $this->makeImage($path, $params);
 
        $source = $this->cache->read($path);
 
        if ($source === false) {
            throw new FilesystemException(
                'Could not read the image `'.$path.'`.'

use League\Glide\Responses\LaravelResponseFactory;
use League\Glide\ServerFactory;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Input;
 
class ImageController extends Controller
{
    public function showImage(Filesystem $filesystem, $path)
    {
        $server = ServerFactory::create([
            'response' => new LaravelResponseFactory(app('request')),
            'source' => $filesystem->getDriver(),
            'cache' => $filesystem->getDriver(),
            'cache_path_prefix' => '.cache',
            'base_url' => 'resource/image/',
        ]);
        $server->setDefaults([
            'q' => 82,
        ]);
 
        return $server->getImageResponse($path, request()->all());
    }
 
    public function showFile($path)
    {
            $server = \League\Glide\ServerFactory::create([
                'response' => new LaravelResponseFactory(app('request')),
                'source' => app('filesystem')->disk('public')->getDriver(),
                'cache' => app('filesystem')->disk('public')->getDriver(),
                'cache_path_prefix' => '.files_cache',
            ]);
            return $server->getImageResponse($path, Input::query());
 
    }
 
    public function showResourceImage($filename)
    {
        if(strpos($filename, 'podcast_') !== false)
            $pathToFile = storage_path("app/public/podcasts/{$filename}");
        elseif(strpos($filename, 'video_') !== false)
            $pathToFile = storage_path("app/public/videos/{$filename}");

    /**
     * Get the middleware assigned to the controller.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getMiddleware()
    {
        return $this->middleware;
    }
 
    /**
     * Execute an action on the controller.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array   $parameters
     * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response
     */
    public function callAction($method, $parameters)
    {
        return call_user_func_array([$this, $method], $parameters);
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle calls to missing methods on the controller.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array   $parameters
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \BadMethodCallException
     */
    public function __call($method, $parameters)
    {
        throw new BadMethodCallException("Method [{$method}] does not exist on [".get_class($this).'].');
    }
}
 

    /**
     * Get the middleware assigned to the controller.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getMiddleware()
    {
        return $this->middleware;
    }
 
    /**
     * Execute an action on the controller.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array   $parameters
     * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response
     */
    public function callAction($method, $parameters)
    {
        return call_user_func_array([$this, $method], $parameters);
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle calls to missing methods on the controller.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array   $parameters
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \BadMethodCallException
     */
    public function __call($method, $parameters)
    {
        throw new BadMethodCallException("Method [{$method}] does not exist on [".get_class($this).'].');
    }
}
 

    {
        $this->container = $container;
    }
 
    /**
     * Dispatch a request to a given controller and method.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Routing\Route  $route
     * @param  mixed  $controller
     * @param  string  $method
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function dispatch(Route $route, $controller, $method)
    {
        $parameters = $this->resolveClassMethodDependencies(
            $route->parametersWithoutNulls(), $controller, $method
        );
 
        if (method_exists($controller, 'callAction')) {
            return $controller->callAction($method, $parameters);
        }
 
        return $controller->{$method}(...array_values($parameters));
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the middleware for the controller instance.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Routing\Controller  $controller
     * @param  string  $method
     * @return array
     */
    public function getMiddleware($controller, $method)
    {
        if (! method_exists($controller, 'getMiddleware')) {
            return [];
        }
 
        return collect($controller->getMiddleware())->reject(function ($data) use ($method) {
            return static::methodExcludedByOptions($method, $data['options']);

    protected function runCallable()
    {
        $callable = $this->action['uses'];
 
        return $callable(...array_values($this->resolveMethodDependencies(
            $this->parametersWithoutNulls(), new ReflectionFunction($this->action['uses'])
        )));
    }
 
    /**
     * Run the route action and return the response.
     *
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\NotFoundHttpException
     */
    protected function runController()
    {
        return $this->controllerDispatcher()->dispatch(
            $this, $this->getController(), $this->getControllerMethod()
        );
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the controller instance for the route.
     *
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getController()
    {
        if (! $this->controller) {
            $class = $this->parseControllerCallback()[0];
 
            $this->controller = $this->container->make(ltrim($class, '\\'));
        }
 
        return $this->controller;
    }
 
    /**

     *
     * @throws \UnexpectedValueException
     */
    protected function parseAction($action)
    {
        return RouteAction::parse($this->uri, $action);
    }
 
    /**
     * Run the route action and return the response.
     *
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function run()
    {
        $this->container = $this->container ?: new Container;
 
        try {
            if ($this->isControllerAction()) {
                return $this->runController();
            }
 
            return $this->runCallable();
        } catch (HttpResponseException $e) {
            return $e->getResponse();
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Checks whether the route's action is a controller.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function isControllerAction()
    {
        return is_string($this->action['uses']);
    }
 
    /**
     * Run the route action and return the response.

    /**
     * Run the given route within a Stack "onion" instance.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Routing\Route  $route
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function runRouteWithinStack(Route $route, Request $request)
    {
        $shouldSkipMiddleware = $this->container->bound('middleware.disable') &&
                                $this->container->make('middleware.disable') === true;
 
        $middleware = $shouldSkipMiddleware ? [] : $this->gatherRouteMiddleware($route);
 
        return (new Pipeline($this->container))
                        ->send($request)
                        ->through($middleware)
                        ->then(function ($request) use ($route) {
                            return $this->prepareResponse(
                                $request, $route->run()
                            );
                        });
    }
 
    /**
     * Gather the middleware for the given route with resolved class names.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Routing\Route  $route
     * @return array
     */
    public function gatherRouteMiddleware(Route $route)
    {
        $middleware = collect($route->gatherMiddleware())->map(function ($name) {
            return (array) MiddlewareNameResolver::resolve($name, $this->middleware, $this->middlewareGroups);
        })->flatten();
 
        return $this->sortMiddleware($middleware);
    }
 
    /**

use Symfony\Component\Debug\Exception\FatalThrowableError;
 
/**
 * This extended pipeline catches any exceptions that occur during each slice.
 *
 * The exceptions are converted to HTTP responses for proper middleware handling.
 */
class Pipeline extends BasePipeline
{
    /**
     * Get the final piece of the Closure onion.
     *
     * @param  \Closure  $destination
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function prepareDestination(Closure $destination)
    {
        return function ($passable) use ($destination) {
            try {
                return $destination($passable);
            } catch (Exception $e) {
                return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
            } catch (Throwable $e) {
                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 

     */
    public function __construct(Registrar $router)
    {
        $this->router = $router;
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        $this->router->substituteBindings($route = $request->route());
 
        $this->router->substituteImplicitBindings($route);
 
        return $next($request);
    }
}
 

                    // the appropriate method and arguments, returning the results back out.
                    return $pipe($passable, $stack);
                } elseif (! is_object($pipe)) {
                    list($name, $parameters) = $this->parsePipeString($pipe);
 
                    // If the pipe is a string we will parse the string and resolve the class out
                    // of the dependency injection container. We can then build a callable and
                    // execute the pipe function giving in the parameters that are required.
                    $pipe = $this->getContainer()->make($name);
 
                    $parameters = array_merge([$passable, $stack], $parameters);
                } else {
                    // If the pipe is already an object we'll just make a callable and pass it to
                    // the pipe as-is. There is no need to do any extra parsing and formatting
                    // since the object we're given was already a fully instantiated object.
                    $parameters = [$passable, $stack];
                }
 
                return method_exists($pipe, $this->method)
                                ? $pipe->{$this->method}(...$parameters)
                                : $pipe(...$parameters);
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse full pipe string to get name and parameters.
     *
     * @param  string $pipe
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parsePipeString($pipe)
    {
        list($name, $parameters) = array_pad(explode(':', $pipe, 2), 2, []);
 
        if (is_string($parameters)) {
            $parameters = explode(',', $parameters);
        }
 
        return [$name, $parameters];

                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 
                    $callable = $slice($stack, $pipe);
 
                    return $callable($passable);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
                } catch (Throwable $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
                }
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle the given exception.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $passable
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function handleException($passable, Exception $e)
    {

    }
 
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Illuminate\Session\TokenMismatchException
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        if (
            $this->isReading($request) ||
            $this->runningUnitTests() ||
            $this->inExceptArray($request) ||
            $this->tokensMatch($request)
        ) {
            return $this->addCookieToResponse($request, $next($request));
        }
 
        throw new TokenMismatchException;
    }
 
    /**
     * Determine if the HTTP request uses a ‘read’ verb.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function isReading($request)
    {
        return in_array($request->method(), ['HEAD', 'GET', 'OPTIONS']);
    }
 
    /**
     * Determine if the application is running unit tests.
     *
     * @return bool

                    // the appropriate method and arguments, returning the results back out.
                    return $pipe($passable, $stack);
                } elseif (! is_object($pipe)) {
                    list($name, $parameters) = $this->parsePipeString($pipe);
 
                    // If the pipe is a string we will parse the string and resolve the class out
                    // of the dependency injection container. We can then build a callable and
                    // execute the pipe function giving in the parameters that are required.
                    $pipe = $this->getContainer()->make($name);
 
                    $parameters = array_merge([$passable, $stack], $parameters);
                } else {
                    // If the pipe is already an object we'll just make a callable and pass it to
                    // the pipe as-is. There is no need to do any extra parsing and formatting
                    // since the object we're given was already a fully instantiated object.
                    $parameters = [$passable, $stack];
                }
 
                return method_exists($pipe, $this->method)
                                ? $pipe->{$this->method}(...$parameters)
                                : $pipe(...$parameters);
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse full pipe string to get name and parameters.
     *
     * @param  string $pipe
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parsePipeString($pipe)
    {
        list($name, $parameters) = array_pad(explode(':', $pipe, 2), 2, []);
 
        if (is_string($parameters)) {
            $parameters = explode(',', $parameters);
        }
 
        return [$name, $parameters];

                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 
                    $callable = $slice($stack, $pipe);
 
                    return $callable($passable);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
                } catch (Throwable $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
                }
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle the given exception.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $passable
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function handleException($passable, Exception $e)
    {

     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        // If the current session has an "errors" variable bound to it, we will share
        // its value with all view instances so the views can easily access errors
        // without having to bind. An empty bag is set when there aren't errors.
        $this->view->share(
            'errors', $request->session()->get('errors') ?: new ViewErrorBag
        );
 
        // Putting the errors in the view for every view allows the developer to just
        // assume that some errors are always available, which is convenient since
        // they don't have to continually run checks for the presence of errors.
 
        return $next($request);
    }
}
 

                    // the appropriate method and arguments, returning the results back out.
                    return $pipe($passable, $stack);
                } elseif (! is_object($pipe)) {
                    list($name, $parameters) = $this->parsePipeString($pipe);
 
                    // If the pipe is a string we will parse the string and resolve the class out
                    // of the dependency injection container. We can then build a callable and
                    // execute the pipe function giving in the parameters that are required.
                    $pipe = $this->getContainer()->make($name);
 
                    $parameters = array_merge([$passable, $stack], $parameters);
                } else {
                    // If the pipe is already an object we'll just make a callable and pass it to
                    // the pipe as-is. There is no need to do any extra parsing and formatting
                    // since the object we're given was already a fully instantiated object.
                    $parameters = [$passable, $stack];
                }
 
                return method_exists($pipe, $this->method)
                                ? $pipe->{$this->method}(...$parameters)
                                : $pipe(...$parameters);
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse full pipe string to get name and parameters.
     *
     * @param  string $pipe
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parsePipeString($pipe)
    {
        list($name, $parameters) = array_pad(explode(':', $pipe, 2), 2, []);
 
        if (is_string($parameters)) {
            $parameters = explode(',', $parameters);
        }
 
        return [$name, $parameters];

                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 
                    $callable = $slice($stack, $pipe);
 
                    return $callable($passable);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
                } catch (Throwable $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
                }
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle the given exception.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $passable
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function handleException($passable, Exception $e)
    {

     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        $this->sessionHandled = true;
 
        // If a session driver has been configured, we will need to start the session here
        // so that the data is ready for an application. Note that the Laravel sessions
        // do not make use of PHP "native" sessions in any way since they are crappy.
        if ($this->sessionConfigured()) {
            $request->setLaravelSession(
                $session = $this->startSession($request)
            );
 
            $this->collectGarbage($session);
        }
 
        $response = $next($request);
 
        // Again, if the session has been configured we will need to close out the session
        // so that the attributes may be persisted to some storage medium. We will also
        // add the session identifier cookie to the application response headers now.
        if ($this->sessionConfigured()) {
            $this->storeCurrentUrl($request, $session);
 
            $this->addCookieToResponse($response, $session);
        }
 
        return $response;
    }
 
    /**
     * Perform any final actions for the request lifecycle.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response  $response
     * @return void
     */

                    // the appropriate method and arguments, returning the results back out.
                    return $pipe($passable, $stack);
                } elseif (! is_object($pipe)) {
                    list($name, $parameters) = $this->parsePipeString($pipe);
 
                    // If the pipe is a string we will parse the string and resolve the class out
                    // of the dependency injection container. We can then build a callable and
                    // execute the pipe function giving in the parameters that are required.
                    $pipe = $this->getContainer()->make($name);
 
                    $parameters = array_merge([$passable, $stack], $parameters);
                } else {
                    // If the pipe is already an object we'll just make a callable and pass it to
                    // the pipe as-is. There is no need to do any extra parsing and formatting
                    // since the object we're given was already a fully instantiated object.
                    $parameters = [$passable, $stack];
                }
 
                return method_exists($pipe, $this->method)
                                ? $pipe->{$this->method}(...$parameters)
                                : $pipe(...$parameters);
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse full pipe string to get name and parameters.
     *
     * @param  string $pipe
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parsePipeString($pipe)
    {
        list($name, $parameters) = array_pad(explode(':', $pipe, 2), 2, []);
 
        if (is_string($parameters)) {
            $parameters = explode(',', $parameters);
        }
 
        return [$name, $parameters];

                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 
                    $callable = $slice($stack, $pipe);
 
                    return $callable($passable);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
                } catch (Throwable $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
                }
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle the given exception.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $passable
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function handleException($passable, Exception $e)
    {

     * Create a new CookieQueue instance.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Contracts\Cookie\QueueingFactory  $cookies
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct(CookieJar $cookies)
    {
        $this->cookies = $cookies;
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        $response = $next($request);
 
        foreach ($this->cookies->getQueuedCookies() as $cookie) {
            $response->headers->setCookie($cookie);
        }
 
        return $response;
    }
}
 

                    // the appropriate method and arguments, returning the results back out.
                    return $pipe($passable, $stack);
                } elseif (! is_object($pipe)) {
                    list($name, $parameters) = $this->parsePipeString($pipe);
 
                    // If the pipe is a string we will parse the string and resolve the class out
                    // of the dependency injection container. We can then build a callable and
                    // execute the pipe function giving in the parameters that are required.
                    $pipe = $this->getContainer()->make($name);
 
                    $parameters = array_merge([$passable, $stack], $parameters);
                } else {
                    // If the pipe is already an object we'll just make a callable and pass it to
                    // the pipe as-is. There is no need to do any extra parsing and formatting
                    // since the object we're given was already a fully instantiated object.
                    $parameters = [$passable, $stack];
                }
 
                return method_exists($pipe, $this->method)
                                ? $pipe->{$this->method}(...$parameters)
                                : $pipe(...$parameters);
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse full pipe string to get name and parameters.
     *
     * @param  string $pipe
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parsePipeString($pipe)
    {
        list($name, $parameters) = array_pad(explode(':', $pipe, 2), 2, []);
 
        if (is_string($parameters)) {
            $parameters = explode(',', $parameters);
        }
 
        return [$name, $parameters];

                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 
                    $callable = $slice($stack, $pipe);
 
                    return $callable($passable);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
                } catch (Throwable $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
                }
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle the given exception.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $passable
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function handleException($passable, Exception $e)
    {

     * Disable encryption for the given cookie name(s).
     *
     * @param  string|array  $cookieName
     * @return void
     */
    public function disableFor($cookieName)
    {
        $this->except = array_merge($this->except, (array) $cookieName);
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        return $this->encrypt($next($this->decrypt($request)));
    }
 
    /**
     * Decrypt the cookies on the request.
     *
     * @param  \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request  $request
     * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request
     */
    protected function decrypt(Request $request)
    {
        foreach ($request->cookies as $key => $c) {
            if ($this->isDisabled($key)) {
                continue;
            }
 
            try {
                $request->cookies->set($key, $this->decryptCookie($key, $c));
            } catch (DecryptException $e) {
                $request->cookies->set($key, null);
            }

                    // the appropriate method and arguments, returning the results back out.
                    return $pipe($passable, $stack);
                } elseif (! is_object($pipe)) {
                    list($name, $parameters) = $this->parsePipeString($pipe);
 
                    // If the pipe is a string we will parse the string and resolve the class out
                    // of the dependency injection container. We can then build a callable and
                    // execute the pipe function giving in the parameters that are required.
                    $pipe = $this->getContainer()->make($name);
 
                    $parameters = array_merge([$passable, $stack], $parameters);
                } else {
                    // If the pipe is already an object we'll just make a callable and pass it to
                    // the pipe as-is. There is no need to do any extra parsing and formatting
                    // since the object we're given was already a fully instantiated object.
                    $parameters = [$passable, $stack];
                }
 
                return method_exists($pipe, $this->method)
                                ? $pipe->{$this->method}(...$parameters)
                                : $pipe(...$parameters);
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse full pipe string to get name and parameters.
     *
     * @param  string $pipe
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parsePipeString($pipe)
    {
        list($name, $parameters) = array_pad(explode(':', $pipe, 2), 2, []);
 
        if (is_string($parameters)) {
            $parameters = explode(',', $parameters);
        }
 
        return [$name, $parameters];

                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 
                    $callable = $slice($stack, $pipe);
 
                    return $callable($passable);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
                } catch (Throwable $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
                }
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle the given exception.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $passable
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function handleException($passable, Exception $e)
    {

    public function via($method)
    {
        $this->method = $method;
 
        return $this;
    }
 
    /**
     * Run the pipeline with a final destination callback.
     *
     * @param  \Closure  $destination
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function then(Closure $destination)
    {
        $pipeline = array_reduce(
            array_reverse($this->pipes), $this->carry(), $this->prepareDestination($destination)
        );
 
        return $pipeline($this->passable);
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the final piece of the Closure onion.
     *
     * @param  \Closure  $destination
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function prepareDestination(Closure $destination)
    {
        return function ($passable) use ($destination) {
            return $destination($passable);
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */

     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Routing\Route  $route
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function runRouteWithinStack(Route $route, Request $request)
    {
        $shouldSkipMiddleware = $this->container->bound('middleware.disable') &&
                                $this->container->make('middleware.disable') === true;
 
        $middleware = $shouldSkipMiddleware ? [] : $this->gatherRouteMiddleware($route);
 
        return (new Pipeline($this->container))
                        ->send($request)
                        ->through($middleware)
                        ->then(function ($request) use ($route) {
                            return $this->prepareResponse(
                                $request, $route->run()
                            );
                        });
    }
 
    /**
     * Gather the middleware for the given route with resolved class names.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Routing\Route  $route
     * @return array
     */
    public function gatherRouteMiddleware(Route $route)
    {
        $middleware = collect($route->gatherMiddleware())->map(function ($name) {
            return (array) MiddlewareNameResolver::resolve($name, $this->middleware, $this->middlewareGroups);
        })->flatten();
 
        return $this->sortMiddleware($middleware);
    }
 
    /**
     * Sort the given middleware by priority.
     *

        return $route;
    }
 
    /**
     * Return the response for the given route.
     *
     * @param  Route  $route
     * @param  Request  $request
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function runRoute(Request $request, Route $route)
    {
        $request->setRouteResolver(function () use ($route) {
            return $route;
        });
 
        $this->events->dispatch(new Events\RouteMatched($route, $request));
 
        return $this->prepareResponse($request,
            $this->runRouteWithinStack($route, $request)
        );
    }
 
    /**
     * Run the given route within a Stack "onion" instance.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Routing\Route  $route
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function runRouteWithinStack(Route $route, Request $request)
    {
        $shouldSkipMiddleware = $this->container->bound('middleware.disable') &&
                                $this->container->make('middleware.disable') === true;
 
        $middleware = $shouldSkipMiddleware ? [] : $this->gatherRouteMiddleware($route);
 
        return (new Pipeline($this->container))
                        ->send($request)
                        ->through($middleware)

     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response|\Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
     */
    public function dispatch(Request $request)
    {
        $this->currentRequest = $request;
 
        return $this->dispatchToRoute($request);
    }
 
    /**
     * Dispatch the request to a route and return the response.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function dispatchToRoute(Request $request)
    {
        return $this->runRoute($request, $this->findRoute($request));
    }
 
    /**
     * Find the route matching a given request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Routing\Route
     */
    protected function findRoute($request)
    {
        $this->current = $route = $this->routes->match($request);
 
        $this->container->instance(Route::class, $route);
 
        return $route;
    }
 
    /**
     * Return the response for the given route.
     *

     * @return mixed
     */
    public function respondWithRoute($name)
    {
        $route = tap($this->routes->getByName($name))->bind($this->currentRequest);
 
        return $this->runRoute($this->currentRequest, $route);
    }
 
    /**
     * Dispatch the request to the application.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response|\Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
     */
    public function dispatch(Request $request)
    {
        $this->currentRequest = $request;
 
        return $this->dispatchToRoute($request);
    }
 
    /**
     * Dispatch the request to a route and return the response.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function dispatchToRoute(Request $request)
    {
        return $this->runRoute($request, $this->findRoute($request));
    }
 
    /**
     * Find the route matching a given request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Routing\Route
     */
    protected function findRoute($request)

     * @return void
     */
    public function bootstrap()
    {
        if (! $this->app->hasBeenBootstrapped()) {
            $this->app->bootstrapWith($this->bootstrappers());
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the route dispatcher callback.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function dispatchToRouter()
    {
        return function ($request) {
            $this->app->instance('request', $request);
 
            return $this->router->dispatch($request);
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Call the terminate method on any terminable middleware.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Response  $response
     * @return void
     */
    public function terminate($request, $response)
    {
        $this->terminateMiddleware($request, $response);
 
        $this->app->terminate();
    }
 
    /**
     * Call the terminate method on any terminable middleware.
     *

use Symfony\Component\Debug\Exception\FatalThrowableError;
 
/**
 * This extended pipeline catches any exceptions that occur during each slice.
 *
 * The exceptions are converted to HTTP responses for proper middleware handling.
 */
class Pipeline extends BasePipeline
{
    /**
     * Get the final piece of the Closure onion.
     *
     * @param  \Closure  $destination
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function prepareDestination(Closure $destination)
    {
        return function ($passable) use ($destination) {
            try {
                return $destination($passable);
            } catch (Exception $e) {
                return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
            } catch (Throwable $e) {
                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 

     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        $params = parse_url($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
        $categories= \App\Category::where('slug','uncategorized')->orWhere('slug','capacity-accountant')
        ->orWhere('slug','speech-therapy-child')
        ->orWhere('slug','master-sport-management')
        ->orWhere('slug','planning-resources-phd-mechanical-manufacturing-enginerring')
        ->get();
        
        
        foreach ($categories as $cats) {
            if(substr($params['path'],1) == $cats->slug){
                return redirect('/');
            }
        }
        return $next($request);
        
    }
}
 

                    // the appropriate method and arguments, returning the results back out.
                    return $pipe($passable, $stack);
                } elseif (! is_object($pipe)) {
                    list($name, $parameters) = $this->parsePipeString($pipe);
 
                    // If the pipe is a string we will parse the string and resolve the class out
                    // of the dependency injection container. We can then build a callable and
                    // execute the pipe function giving in the parameters that are required.
                    $pipe = $this->getContainer()->make($name);
 
                    $parameters = array_merge([$passable, $stack], $parameters);
                } else {
                    // If the pipe is already an object we'll just make a callable and pass it to
                    // the pipe as-is. There is no need to do any extra parsing and formatting
                    // since the object we're given was already a fully instantiated object.
                    $parameters = [$passable, $stack];
                }
 
                return method_exists($pipe, $this->method)
                                ? $pipe->{$this->method}(...$parameters)
                                : $pipe(...$parameters);
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse full pipe string to get name and parameters.
     *
     * @param  string $pipe
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parsePipeString($pipe)
    {
        list($name, $parameters) = array_pad(explode(':', $pipe, 2), 2, []);
 
        if (is_string($parameters)) {
            $parameters = explode(',', $parameters);
        }
 
        return [$name, $parameters];

                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 
                    $callable = $slice($stack, $pipe);
 
                    return $callable($passable);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
                } catch (Throwable $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
                }
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle the given exception.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $passable
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function handleException($passable, Exception $e)
    {

 */
class PreferredDomain
{
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        if (starts_with($request->header('host'), 'www.')) {
            $host = str_replace('www.', '', $request->header('host'));
            $request->headers->set('host', $host);
 
            return Redirect::to($request->fullUrl(), 301);
        }
 
        return $next($request);
    }
}
 

                    // the appropriate method and arguments, returning the results back out.
                    return $pipe($passable, $stack);
                } elseif (! is_object($pipe)) {
                    list($name, $parameters) = $this->parsePipeString($pipe);
 
                    // If the pipe is a string we will parse the string and resolve the class out
                    // of the dependency injection container. We can then build a callable and
                    // execute the pipe function giving in the parameters that are required.
                    $pipe = $this->getContainer()->make($name);
 
                    $parameters = array_merge([$passable, $stack], $parameters);
                } else {
                    // If the pipe is already an object we'll just make a callable and pass it to
                    // the pipe as-is. There is no need to do any extra parsing and formatting
                    // since the object we're given was already a fully instantiated object.
                    $parameters = [$passable, $stack];
                }
 
                return method_exists($pipe, $this->method)
                                ? $pipe->{$this->method}(...$parameters)
                                : $pipe(...$parameters);
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse full pipe string to get name and parameters.
     *
     * @param  string $pipe
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parsePipeString($pipe)
    {
        list($name, $parameters) = array_pad(explode(':', $pipe, 2), 2, []);
 
        if (is_string($parameters)) {
            $parameters = explode(',', $parameters);
        }
 
        return [$name, $parameters];

                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 
                    $callable = $slice($stack, $pipe);
 
                    return $callable($passable);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
                } catch (Throwable $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
                }
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle the given exception.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $passable
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function handleException($passable, Exception $e)
    {

    {
        $this->config = $config;
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request
     * @param \Closure                 $next
     *
     * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\HttpException
     *
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        $this->setTrustedProxyHeaderNames($request);
        $this->setTrustedProxyIpAddresses($request);
 
        return $next($request);
    }
 
    /**
     * Sets the trusted proxies on the request to the value of trustedproxy.proxies
     *
     * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request
     */
    protected function setTrustedProxyIpAddresses($request)
    {
        $trustedIps = $this->proxies ?: $this->config->get('trustedproxy.proxies');
 
        // We only trust specific IP addresses
        if (is_array($trustedIps)) {
            return $this->setTrustedProxyIpAddressesToSpecificIps($request, $trustedIps);
        }
 
        // We trust any IP address that calls us, but not proxies further
        // up the forwarding chain.
        // TODO: Determine if this should only trust the first IP address
        //       Currently it trusts the entire chain (array of IPs),

                    // the appropriate method and arguments, returning the results back out.
                    return $pipe($passable, $stack);
                } elseif (! is_object($pipe)) {
                    list($name, $parameters) = $this->parsePipeString($pipe);
 
                    // If the pipe is a string we will parse the string and resolve the class out
                    // of the dependency injection container. We can then build a callable and
                    // execute the pipe function giving in the parameters that are required.
                    $pipe = $this->getContainer()->make($name);
 
                    $parameters = array_merge([$passable, $stack], $parameters);
                } else {
                    // If the pipe is already an object we'll just make a callable and pass it to
                    // the pipe as-is. There is no need to do any extra parsing and formatting
                    // since the object we're given was already a fully instantiated object.
                    $parameters = [$passable, $stack];
                }
 
                return method_exists($pipe, $this->method)
                                ? $pipe->{$this->method}(...$parameters)
                                : $pipe(...$parameters);
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse full pipe string to get name and parameters.
     *
     * @param  string $pipe
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parsePipeString($pipe)
    {
        list($name, $parameters) = array_pad(explode(':', $pipe, 2), 2, []);
 
        if (is_string($parameters)) {
            $parameters = explode(',', $parameters);
        }
 
        return [$name, $parameters];

                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 
                    $callable = $slice($stack, $pipe);
 
                    return $callable($passable);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
                } catch (Throwable $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
                }
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle the given exception.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $passable
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function handleException($passable, Exception $e)
    {

     * The additional attributes passed to the middleware.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $attributes = [];
 
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next, ...$attributes)
    {
        $this->attributes = $attributes;
 
        $this->clean($request);
 
        return $next($request);
    }
 
    /**
     * Clean the request's data.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return void
     */
    protected function clean($request)
    {
        $this->cleanParameterBag($request->query);
 
        if ($request->isJson()) {
            $this->cleanParameterBag($request->json());
        } else {
            $this->cleanParameterBag($request->request);
        }
    }
 
    /**

                    // the appropriate method and arguments, returning the results back out.
                    return $pipe($passable, $stack);
                } elseif (! is_object($pipe)) {
                    list($name, $parameters) = $this->parsePipeString($pipe);
 
                    // If the pipe is a string we will parse the string and resolve the class out
                    // of the dependency injection container. We can then build a callable and
                    // execute the pipe function giving in the parameters that are required.
                    $pipe = $this->getContainer()->make($name);
 
                    $parameters = array_merge([$passable, $stack], $parameters);
                } else {
                    // If the pipe is already an object we'll just make a callable and pass it to
                    // the pipe as-is. There is no need to do any extra parsing and formatting
                    // since the object we're given was already a fully instantiated object.
                    $parameters = [$passable, $stack];
                }
 
                return method_exists($pipe, $this->method)
                                ? $pipe->{$this->method}(...$parameters)
                                : $pipe(...$parameters);
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse full pipe string to get name and parameters.
     *
     * @param  string $pipe
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parsePipeString($pipe)
    {
        list($name, $parameters) = array_pad(explode(':', $pipe, 2), 2, []);
 
        if (is_string($parameters)) {
            $parameters = explode(',', $parameters);
        }
 
        return [$name, $parameters];

                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 
                    $callable = $slice($stack, $pipe);
 
                    return $callable($passable);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
                } catch (Throwable $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
                }
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle the given exception.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $passable
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function handleException($passable, Exception $e)
    {

     * The additional attributes passed to the middleware.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $attributes = [];
 
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next, ...$attributes)
    {
        $this->attributes = $attributes;
 
        $this->clean($request);
 
        return $next($request);
    }
 
    /**
     * Clean the request's data.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return void
     */
    protected function clean($request)
    {
        $this->cleanParameterBag($request->query);
 
        if ($request->isJson()) {
            $this->cleanParameterBag($request->json());
        } else {
            $this->cleanParameterBag($request->request);
        }
    }
 
    /**

                    // the appropriate method and arguments, returning the results back out.
                    return $pipe($passable, $stack);
                } elseif (! is_object($pipe)) {
                    list($name, $parameters) = $this->parsePipeString($pipe);
 
                    // If the pipe is a string we will parse the string and resolve the class out
                    // of the dependency injection container. We can then build a callable and
                    // execute the pipe function giving in the parameters that are required.
                    $pipe = $this->getContainer()->make($name);
 
                    $parameters = array_merge([$passable, $stack], $parameters);
                } else {
                    // If the pipe is already an object we'll just make a callable and pass it to
                    // the pipe as-is. There is no need to do any extra parsing and formatting
                    // since the object we're given was already a fully instantiated object.
                    $parameters = [$passable, $stack];
                }
 
                return method_exists($pipe, $this->method)
                                ? $pipe->{$this->method}(...$parameters)
                                : $pipe(...$parameters);
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse full pipe string to get name and parameters.
     *
     * @param  string $pipe
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parsePipeString($pipe)
    {
        list($name, $parameters) = array_pad(explode(':', $pipe, 2), 2, []);
 
        if (is_string($parameters)) {
            $parameters = explode(',', $parameters);
        }
 
        return [$name, $parameters];

                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 
                    $callable = $slice($stack, $pipe);
 
                    return $callable($passable);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
                } catch (Throwable $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
                }
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle the given exception.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $passable
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function handleException($passable, Exception $e)
    {

class ValidatePostSize
{
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Illuminate\Http\Exceptions\PostTooLargeException
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        $max = $this->getPostMaxSize();
 
        if ($max > 0 && $request->server('CONTENT_LENGTH') > $max) {
            throw new PostTooLargeException;
        }
 
        return $next($request);
    }
 
    /**
     * Determine the server 'post_max_size' as bytes.
     *
     * @return int
     */
    protected function getPostMaxSize()
    {
        if (is_numeric($postMaxSize = ini_get('post_max_size'))) {
            return (int) $postMaxSize;
        }
 
        $metric = strtoupper(substr($postMaxSize, -1));
        $postMaxSize = (int) $postMaxSize;
 
        switch ($metric) {
            case 'K':
                return $postMaxSize * 1024;
            case 'M':

                    // the appropriate method and arguments, returning the results back out.
                    return $pipe($passable, $stack);
                } elseif (! is_object($pipe)) {
                    list($name, $parameters) = $this->parsePipeString($pipe);
 
                    // If the pipe is a string we will parse the string and resolve the class out
                    // of the dependency injection container. We can then build a callable and
                    // execute the pipe function giving in the parameters that are required.
                    $pipe = $this->getContainer()->make($name);
 
                    $parameters = array_merge([$passable, $stack], $parameters);
                } else {
                    // If the pipe is already an object we'll just make a callable and pass it to
                    // the pipe as-is. There is no need to do any extra parsing and formatting
                    // since the object we're given was already a fully instantiated object.
                    $parameters = [$passable, $stack];
                }
 
                return method_exists($pipe, $this->method)
                                ? $pipe->{$this->method}(...$parameters)
                                : $pipe(...$parameters);
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse full pipe string to get name and parameters.
     *
     * @param  string $pipe
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parsePipeString($pipe)
    {
        list($name, $parameters) = array_pad(explode(':', $pipe, 2), 2, []);
 
        if (is_string($parameters)) {
            $parameters = explode(',', $parameters);
        }
 
        return [$name, $parameters];

                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 
                    $callable = $slice($stack, $pipe);
 
                    return $callable($passable);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
                } catch (Throwable $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
                }
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle the given exception.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $passable
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function handleException($passable, Exception $e)
    {

    }
 
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\HttpException
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        if ($this->app->isDownForMaintenance()) {
            $data = json_decode(file_get_contents($this->app->storagePath().'/framework/down'), true);
 
            throw new MaintenanceModeException($data['time'], $data['retry'], $data['message']);
        }
 
        return $next($request);
    }
}
 

                    // the appropriate method and arguments, returning the results back out.
                    return $pipe($passable, $stack);
                } elseif (! is_object($pipe)) {
                    list($name, $parameters) = $this->parsePipeString($pipe);
 
                    // If the pipe is a string we will parse the string and resolve the class out
                    // of the dependency injection container. We can then build a callable and
                    // execute the pipe function giving in the parameters that are required.
                    $pipe = $this->getContainer()->make($name);
 
                    $parameters = array_merge([$passable, $stack], $parameters);
                } else {
                    // If the pipe is already an object we'll just make a callable and pass it to
                    // the pipe as-is. There is no need to do any extra parsing and formatting
                    // since the object we're given was already a fully instantiated object.
                    $parameters = [$passable, $stack];
                }
 
                return method_exists($pipe, $this->method)
                                ? $pipe->{$this->method}(...$parameters)
                                : $pipe(...$parameters);
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse full pipe string to get name and parameters.
     *
     * @param  string $pipe
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parsePipeString($pipe)
    {
        list($name, $parameters) = array_pad(explode(':', $pipe, 2), 2, []);
 
        if (is_string($parameters)) {
            $parameters = explode(',', $parameters);
        }
 
        return [$name, $parameters];

                return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
            }
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function carry()
    {
        return function ($stack, $pipe) {
            return function ($passable) use ($stack, $pipe) {
                try {
                    $slice = parent::carry();
 
                    $callable = $slice($stack, $pipe);
 
                    return $callable($passable);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, $e);
                } catch (Throwable $e) {
                    return $this->handleException($passable, new FatalThrowableError($e));
                }
            };
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle the given exception.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $passable
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function handleException($passable, Exception $e)
    {

    public function via($method)
    {
        $this->method = $method;
 
        return $this;
    }
 
    /**
     * Run the pipeline with a final destination callback.
     *
     * @param  \Closure  $destination
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function then(Closure $destination)
    {
        $pipeline = array_reduce(
            array_reverse($this->pipes), $this->carry(), $this->prepareDestination($destination)
        );
 
        return $pipeline($this->passable);
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the final piece of the Closure onion.
     *
     * @param  \Closure  $destination
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function prepareDestination(Closure $destination)
    {
        return function ($passable) use ($destination) {
            return $destination($passable);
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a Closure that represents a slice of the application onion.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */

    }
 
    /**
     * Send the given request through the middleware / router.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    protected function sendRequestThroughRouter($request)
    {
        $this->app->instance('request', $request);
 
        Facade::clearResolvedInstance('request');
 
        $this->bootstrap();
 
        return (new Pipeline($this->app))
                    ->send($request)
                    ->through($this->app->shouldSkipMiddleware() ? [] : $this->middleware)
                    ->then($this->dispatchToRouter());
    }
 
    /**
     * Bootstrap the application for HTTP requests.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function bootstrap()
    {
        if (! $this->app->hasBeenBootstrapped()) {
            $this->app->bootstrapWith($this->bootstrappers());
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the route dispatcher callback.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function dispatchToRouter()

            $router->middlewareGroup($key, $middleware);
        }
 
        foreach ($this->routeMiddleware as $key => $middleware) {
            $router->aliasMiddleware($key, $middleware);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle an incoming HTTP request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function handle($request)
    {
        try {
            $request->enableHttpMethodParameterOverride();
 
            $response = $this->sendRequestThroughRouter($request);
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            $this->reportException($e);
 
            $response = $this->renderException($request, $e);
        } catch (Throwable $e) {
            $this->reportException($e = new FatalThrowableError($e));
 
            $response = $this->renderException($request, $e);
        }
 
        $this->app['events']->dispatch(
            new Events\RequestHandled($request, $response)
        );
 
        return $response;
    }
 
    /**
     * Send the given request through the middleware / router.
     *

*/
 
$app = require_once __DIR__.'/../bootstrap/app.php';
 
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Run The Application
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Once we have the application, we can handle the incoming request
| through the kernel, and send the associated response back to
| the client's browser allowing them to enjoy the creative
| and wonderful application we have prepared for them.
|
*/
 
$kernel = $app->make(Illuminate\Contracts\Http\Kernel::class);
 
$response = $kernel->handle(
    $request = Illuminate\Http\Request::capture()
);
 
$response->send();
 
$kernel->terminate($request, $response);